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Hoffman, Eva. Shtetl: The Life and Death of a Small Town and the World of Polish Jews. New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1997.

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Patai, Raphael. The Vanished Worlds of Jewry. New York: Macmillan, 1980.

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Riis, Jacob A. How the Other Half Lives: Studies Among the Tenements of New York. New York: Kessinger Publishing, 2004.

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