Public science event – A Shark’s Lunch

I recently attended an event ran by the American Museum of Natural History’s “Sci cafe” called “A Sharks Lunch”. This event seemed more like humans providing an olive branch on behalf of the shark population for all the miscommunication over how truly harmful they are to us. California State University Dominguez Hills biologist Samantha Leigh, the presenter for this event, provided answers to questions about digestive performance in sharks. We also learned about the Megalodon, which in greek means “big-toothed glorious shark”– one of the most formidable sharks known to man. Luckily this shark has been extinct for over 3.6 million years. In this zoom we got more information on what this sharks typical meal was– and it definitely was not humans. It’s favorite prey – small whales, had vanished due to other predators , which led to it’s [megaladon] extinction.

The mouth of a Megalodon compared to an entire great white shark. (Every photo’s file size was just as big as the shark itself)

Before the event began, there was a Q&A about basic shark trivia which was very fun to play as a warm up before the presentation. I learned a lot about exactly how long sharks have been on this earth and I was shocked to say the least. I understand (or at least am starting to understand) that sharks are not as much of a danger as they have been portrayed to be in the media. Despite all this, I’m not looking forward to any in person encounters with one.

Invader ID – Community Science Project

For the community science project, I decided to participate in a project called ‘Invader ID’. This project located in the climate section of the website focuses on the marine life—tracking changes in the types of organisms and how abundant different groups of organisms are, we can see how ecosystems are changing over time. My task as a citizen scientist was to play my part in identifying various organisms to better help the other scientists understand how human activity affects coastal environments.

Tube dwelling worm

The process of classifying each organism is making your best guess based on each of the pictures provided along with different typical characteristics  and textures.Although the majority of the tasks are guessing games, our brain is really good at picking up patterns , so we tend to make better guesses than we realize. But since theres strength in numbers, if more people who identify the same image than the researchers can figure it out easier by process of elimination. The source of all the data is coming from photos taken in the summer of 2018 in Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. After completing this project I realized how limited our resources can be when it comes to identifying and discovering new ways to help the unknown species of this world. In class, we always have to keep in the back of our minds that not every question has been answered yet and I felt that here while making my guesses on what these several photos could possibly be or will become.

Algae

Etch-A-Cell VR – Community Science Project

          As part of a community science project, I participated in a project called Etch-A-Cell – VR. This project was part of a multi-national team where are trying to bring a deeper understanding of cancer cells. Their concept is that by mapping 2D cancer cells and then transforming those images into a 3D virtual reality model of the cells, as scientist would be able to “walk” through the cell, and even inside the cell. The expected goal is that becoming intimately familiar with the structures of and within the cancer cells, they will be better placed to make advancements in cancer research in the future.

Elecron Microscopic image of a cancel cell

Image with mitochondria outlined


          First, the researchers take complete images of slices of cancer cells using an electron microscope. These slices are then mapped to identify the individual elements of the cell, this is where the community part comes into play. There are thousands of images that need to be mapped. The mapping process involves someone manually drawing around each image, and once complete, these will be able to be stitched back together to create the 3D VR model. I worked on mapping mitochondria. This task was surprisingly interesting. There was a quick tutorial to help you become acquainted with how to identify mitochondria in a cell, and then you started work. There are five sequential slices supplied for each image and you are to outline the mitochondria on the middle one, the other slices are there to help identify mitochondria.

Elecron Microscopic image of a cancel cell

Image showing outline from previous iteration

          The process was quite Zen. You could really block out the world and just focus on going through the images, identifying mitochondria…or not, not every image had mitochondria present. I learned little about the overall makeup of a cancer cell, but I know have quite a solid idea of how to identify the mitochondria. The images will go through several stages of mapping, with each stage focused on a different part of the cell. Sometimes, the images had markings already identifying different cell parts. There was even an integrated chat feature where you could ask questions about specific images and get help if required. Sometimes, I found myself just logging in to do some mapping if I needed a break, to reset my mind between other tasks.
          If you’re looking for a way to relax and help science at the same time, you go do a lot worse than mapping some images for Etch-A-Cell – VR.

Etch-A-Cell – VR link:- https://www.zooniverse.org/projects/h-spiers/etch-a-cell-vr

30-Second Space Travel – Public Science Event

Earlier this semester, I attended a Zoom event that was run by Macaulay Honors College as part of their @Macaulay Author Series. This particular event featured discussion with Dr. Charles Liu and Allen Liu, and was moderated by Anne Hwang. Dr. Liu works at CSI CUNY as a professor of Astronomy and Physics. His research is focused on deep space objects, and he was the Honors Director at Macaulay Honors College for CSI Campus for six years. Allen Liu has a BA from Harvard in Mathematics and has a lifelong passion for astronomy. Together, with Dr. Karen Masters, they have co-authored a new book called, 30-Second Space Travel. This event was a discussion of that book.

image of participants and books discussed

@Macaulay Author Series with Dr. Charles Liu

Macaulay offer this series of events to shine a light on the work of current Macaulay students and alumni, as well as on the college itself. This serves the dual purpose of helping our fellow Macaulay scholars call attention to their work as well as allowing Macaulay to showcase how it, as an institution, is producing many students who are working at the top of their fields. Anne Hwang, a junior at Macaulay, majoring in Media and Film studies, moderated the event. She would ask questions of the panelists, to stimulate and direct the conversation, and ask follow-up or clarifying questions as required. During the event attendees could enter questions in a Q&A chat, that could be picked up by Ms. Hwang and presented to the participants. At the conclusion of the event, questions were read from this Q&A chat, as well as opening up the floor for questions to be asked directly by the attendees.

Bite-sized chunks of general information can be more instructive than more detailed, longer formats. Dr. Liu spoke about the “30-Second…” series that this book is a part of. The publisher has been producing many of these books, Dr. Liu has contributed to one previously. The series presents deep topics are presented in a compendium format, where major parts of the topic are presented in short overviews that provide the reader with a general idea of each topic, that will, hopefully, stimulate them to independently research topics of interest to them. In this way, reader’s interests are piqued on many topics without ever becoming overwhelmed by technical detail, and thus become turned off.

Publishing is as much about collaboration as it is about independent study. Due to the broad scope of the book, a lot of the discussion centered around the world of publishing, and in particular, scientific publishing. Both Dr. Liu and Allen Liu spoke of way they, and Dr. Masters, collaborated to complete the project. They would each take areas centered around their own expertise, ensuring both a full coverage of the topic of Space Travel, as well as limiting duplication of effort. This book covers fifty topics of interest related to Space Travel. Dr. Liu also discussed, in depth, how he was approached by the publisher to write the book, and how he set about convincing the publisher to have this book co-authored, as opposed to having him act as editor to other’s works. Dr. Liu discussed how this format is more in line with how he works when preparing scientific articles for journal publication and why he favored this format when producing this book.

The question of “How?” is often more interesting than “What?” or “Why?” While there was discussion around certain scientific concepts relating to space travel that are explored in the book, the discussions around the process behind its construction is really where this event shined. By going through the process for this book, it really helped to build an appreciation in me for the process of scientific writing in general. I grasped how science is rarely produced in a vacuum. It is through partnerships and knowledge sharing that really helps scientists progress their, and our, understanding of the natural world. I really enjoyed this event and recommend that people search out this series of events from the Macaulay website. From this event, and looking over the other events from the past year, I felt honored that I had been accepted to be part of, and hopefully positively contribute to, such a body as Macaulay Honors College.

The book 30-Second Space Travel can be purchased here:- https://www.amazon.com/30-Second-Space-Travel-inventions-destinations-ebook/dp/B08SBG5GZ1

The collection of recordings of Macaulay events can be found here:- https://macaulay.cuny.edu/news-events/macaulay-events/

Scientific Journal article

In my group, we chose to do our research project on how glass treatments from high-rise buildings are effecting the mortality rate of birds in urban cities. We all read a journal article about birds would mistakenly fly into window assuming it’s still the sky. This was really interesting compared to some of the other pieces we had seen so we went with it. With all this new information we were able to find different ways to collect data in order to test our hypothesis. The research article was very informative so it was best for us to leave no stone unturned in order to better our understanding on the topic.

Bioblitz webinar summary : Valentina Ononaji

The Bioblitz webinar I attended was called “What lies beneath”. In the webinar, the five hosts each did a mini presentation on different species of insects and their popular characteristics. I learned about so many new species that live in vast areas of the world such as nasutitermes which can be found in the tropics. Insects despite their varying sizes can be extremely strong! They should us several demonstrations such as a dainty spider lifting what looked to be a berry on its body and really pushed through. There were some particularly scary (at least for me) aspects such as learning about the spotted lantern fly; a species that recently came over to the United States a few years ago that has a similar hunger for tree sap like stink bugs do but their feces can create a harmful mold that can decimate crops. Definitely wouldn’t want that on your produce. All in all, the webinar was very informative.

Valentina Ononaji : Science Ad ‘Science can be simplified’

What inspired me to make this ad was to show others that when you think about science it shouldn’t automatically give you a headache. I happened to be one of the many people in this world that assumed science observations or just the definition itself couldn’t be broken down easy enough for the general population to understand and maybe participate in. I wouldn’t have any strategic plans for where I’d place this ad. Anywhere around the city from subway stations to parks would be fine as long as the point gets across. I’d hope that this would break down any of the current misinterpretations already embedded into our minds and allow others to see science for more than just chemicals but also for creativity.