Author Archives: Milan Bien-Aime

Posts by Milan Bien-Aime

Steve Paxton and Post-Modernism

Post-modern dance is a large and multi-encompassing movement, as it defines not just a specific form of dance but also dance created during specific time period, in this case following the modern dance movements of the 1950s. Post-modern dance is a very self-conscious movement, meant to be aware of past movements and techniques used in dance and also to act in response to modern dance’s traditions, which were seen as too constricting and removed from the spirit of dance and art. Post-modern dance follows a type of minimalist aesthetic where the objective of the dance is to draw power and meaning from as little as possible instead of as much as possible. Dance in post-modernism is seen as more classical forms of art are today. Almost anything can be art, but not without context. Once the context is in place, the art is properly identified and analyzed as art. Post-modernists identified even simple movements like walking and running as possibly dance, but they only become truly dance when properly identified as such.

Steve Paxton was a proponent of the analytic post-modern dance movement; his primary contribution was the introduction of contact improvization. Contact improvization is a form of dance where dancers move with each other while always maintaing contact. This form of dance focuses on the varied interactions human bodies can have with each other while also interacting with the world around them. Due to the minimalist aspects of post-modern dance, however, these interactions take place not through props but through forces, and the dancers’ greatest tools here are their manipulation of gravity and inertia. Paxton’s contribution to post-modern dance is significant and illuminating, because his dance style both aligned with post-modern dance’s aesthetic ideas and forged new ground in how and what dance can exist.

-Milan Bien-Aime (Blog B)

Dance Review Analysis

Brian Seibert’s review of several of Alvin Ailey’s dance performances under the guidance of multiple directors focuses on the impact the directors and dancers have on the feel of the performances. Seibert’s review mainly focuses on what Robert Battle’s artistic hand brings to the performances as the new artistic director of the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater.

Seibert describes Battle’s work using Feldman’s model, using the four aspects of dance criticism to accentuate his review. He describes the dancers as large and bare-chested, wearing long skirts and backed by a heavy drum beat. He analyzes the dances to reveal the solid, powerful feel of the dance, and interprets it as overblown and too bombastic. Aspects of the dances, such as silent screams and oddly feminine gestures, are seen by Battle as out of place and too grandiose for an otherwise solid and masculine dance performance. Overall, Battle interprets Alvin Ailey’s dancers as strong and heroic, but a little too stiff and bombastic to fully realize the gracefulness of the dance numbers. Additionally, Battle regards Alvin Ailey as at their best when they are energetic yet precise, acting in bursts of grace and power backed by drum beats and spirituals.

Wendy Oliver’s text helped me greatly with understanding the review, as I have little experience with dance and dance review. Feldman’s model for dance criticism does a fantastic job of explaining how to truly convey the emotions and atmosphere that dance evokes onto text. Through this text and Seibert’s review, I feel as if I have learned how to be able to accurately convey my own feelings and experiences towards dance when I one day go to see a performance.

Milan Bien-Aime (Blog B)

The Concepts of Analyzing Art

John Berger’s Ways of Seeing and Sylva Barnet’s A Short Guide to Writing About Art both teach valuable concepts about the nature of art, its purpose, and its significance relative to the context it was created in. I will apply their concepts of what art is and what it can be when I visit the Modern Art exhibition at MOMA to better gain an understanding of what an artwork truly represents, and what qualities make something seen or valued as art.

Berger views art as beholden to the spectator. Ways of Seeing argues that everything a person knows in this world is created by whatever their senses can discern of the world around them. To him, art does not and cannot exist in a vacuum, for the spectator’s view of the artwork is constantly influenced by the other information he has. If the information the spectator has does not make sense or is not enough to make an opinion, the art begins to take on a sort of mystical quality. When Berger states that some justifications of art of the past “can no longer make sense in modern times”, that “inevitably, it mystifies” (Berger 11), he means that the spectator is unable to fully understand the circumstances around which the art was created, so the artwork gains unknown or mysterious attributes which it would not normally have.

I can apply Berger’s concept of art to my MOMA viewing by acting as an informed spectator, gaining information about the context of the art as well as the artist. As each person views art differently because they have a different set of information to draw from, I also aim to try to discern what the artist themselves saw when they created the art, and what information they used to create it with.

Barnet views art as a universal concept, but also one that has little boundaries. She views art as a more abstract concept than simply a painting or object. Instead, Barnet views traditional artwork with the same mindset as one would see in a famous, oft-contested book or movie. Barnet advocates viewing art through careful analysis and having an understanding not just of the artwork itself, but what its purpose is and why it was created.

Barnet’s concepts of art are also applicable to my MOMA viewing, especially given the abstract nature of some aspects of modern art. Through her concepts, I understand that even things such as the room or gallery that the artwork is hung in or the medium it is shown through are important to understanding the artwork as a whole. By combining these two authors’ schools of critical thinking and observation, I feel much more prepared to view the MOMA exhibitions with an eye towards what the art is truly expressing.

Comments by Milan Bien-Aime

"I agree with you about having multiple perspectives when viewing an art piece. I also learned from the readings and my experience at MoMA that art has different goals and statements depending on what the artist intended. At the same time, it is also up to the viewer of the art to determine however they feel the art’s purpose is. In Ways of Seeing, Berger states that “Today we see the art of the past as nobody saw it before. We actually see it in a different way. This difference can be illustrated in terms of what was thought of as perspective” (Berger, 16). Even just seeing art in a museum creates a different experience and different viewing perspective than seeing the artwork anywhere else, especially if the artwork was not created under the assumption that it would be at some point shown in a museum or reproduced online. For example, the Dada artist Marcel Duchamp’s 1913 work Bicycle Wheel was not even regarded as art when it was first created, and the original has since been destroyed. The version of Bicycle Wheel I saw at MoMA is the third reproduction of it, commissioned by Duchamp in 1951. Had I not seen this piece from the perspective of looking at it in a museum, and instead seen it in a scrap yard or trash heap, I would have not thought of it as art. However, looking at Bicycle Wheel as a traditional, museum-held sculpture gives a different perspective than viewing it as a piece of trash or as “not art”. I also agree with the Picasso quote you used, where he discusses how a painting is never truly complete, because it changes with people’s thoughts. Thus, a painting has infinite states of being, because everyone who views it has a different perspective and therefore sees the painting differently. Additionally, some people can have multiple, changing perspectives about the art, depending on how much they know about it. Berger also states in Ways of Seeing that “…a reproduction, as well as making its own references to the image of its original, becomes itself the reference point for other images. The meaning of an image is changed according to what one sees immediately beside it or what comes immediately after it” (Berger 29). People’s thoughts and opinions are influenced by everything around them, and seeing an art work in a gallery exhibit surrounded by other works of art produces a different perspective of the work than seeing it by itself. Even seeing an artwork in a gallery of period pieces instead of seeing it in a gallery of works produced by the same artist lends to a different interpretation of the art. In this way, Berger influenced my viewing of the MoMA galleries because his text made me consider carefully how to look at art works through perspective and critical thinking. -Blog B"
--( posted on Sep 11, 2013, commenting on the post Berger and Barnet Readings )