Author: sowjan

00:00:02 Sowjan

Hello.

00:00:03 Shi Ting

Hi.

00:00:08 Sowjan

Would you care to introduce yourself and talk a little bit about who you are and your relationship to Jackson Heights?

00:00:16 Shi Ting

Yep. Hi, my name is Shi Ting and I’m currently 19 years old. I’m Chinese and I’ve lived in Jackson Heights for five years, and I am not an immigrant.

00:00:30 Sowjan

Cool. So what would you say is your relationship to Jackson Heights? How did you come to call it home?

00:00:40 Shi Ting

Well, first of all, I moved here. Previously, I lived in the Upper East Side and when I moved to Jackson Heights, I guess that’s when I started calling it home. To me, Jackson Heights is… I haven’t really been to a lot of restaurants in Jackson Heights, but I have walked around the neighborhood and I can see that it’s a pretty clean neighborhood. The people here are also really nice. For example, I dropped my wallet once and people just standing by—like some people, if you’re in some other neighborhood, they don’t even care, they don’t even point it out, but there are people [here] who are like, oh, hey, you dropped your wallet, or they would chase after you and they would give you the wallet. I think that’s something that I really like about this neighborhood. The people here are pretty kind, and also there’s just a lot of socialization I think amongst people in this neighborhood. I personally have not socialized with some of these people because I don’t speak the same language, but I’ve seen a lot of people, you know, hanging out, just standing there and talking. I think that’s just something that’s really nice. Especially with technology, I think it’s harder and harder to see that in neighborhoods sometimes.

00:20:05 Sowjan

You mentioned that you only moved to Jackson Heights a few years ago. How many years was it again?

Shi Ting

Five.

Sowjan

Five years ago. Okay. 

Shi Ting

Yeah, this is my fifth year.

Sowjan

Right. Do you remember how the neighborhood was like when you first arrived?

00:02:25 Shi Ting

Yeah, well, when I first arrived, I didn’t explore the neighborhood too much but I definitely thought it was a lot more homogeneous. I think there was just a lot more East Asians, but I think now there’s more people, at least on my street, that are South Asian as well.  I have seen more people of other ethnicities in this neighborhood, but I don’t know if it’s just because I haven’t explored that much previously when I just moved in, or if it’s because there are actually more ethnicities coming into this neighborhood.

00:03:20 Sowjan (3:20)

Other than you seeing more people of different races coming in, are there any other changes that you’ve seen to the neighborhood from when you first arrived? Or has it changed at all?

00:03:41 Shi Ting

I don’t think it’s changed. I think everything’s kind of been the same. I’ve seen the same restaurants, the same supermarkets. I don’t—I haven’t really seen a change in the neighborhood, really, other than people moving in and out. That’s pretty much it.

00:04:10 Sowjan

What is the sense of community like in Jackson Heights for you? ‘Cause you mentioned that it was pretty homogeneous for the most part, right, so were you still able to feel like you’re part of the community even though you’re East Asian but most of the people in your neighborhood are South Asian? Do you still feel like you’ve become integrated into the neighborhood? Do you feel like you’re part of the neighborhood?

00:04:52 Shi Ting

Definitely because of Covid, I think I’ve gotten to know some of my neighbors better. We haven’t really necessarily talked deeply per se, but I think we kind of know more about each other. Especially I think last year because of Covid, everyone’s in lockdown and so we went to the backyard to exercise more and there are people—like, I have a neighbor [who’s] like 3 houses down from where I live and when they also go on their walk, that’s exactly when I go outside to exercise. So, we do see each other and then we say hi, you know, we greet each other. We do talk but the very basics. I think it makes me feel nice that people in the neighborhood still know us and, although we speak different languages, we’re still able to speak and talk to each other. But also, I mentioned I think there’s more East Asians coming to at least where I live, in this section of Jackson Heights, and I think just generally, I’ve seen my parents talk to these people and we exchange gifts sometimes and it’s just really nice. And then my brother—my brother is younger and so when he plays with friends in this neighborhood, that’s when I really feel like there’s still…although we’re different races, different ethnicities, speak different languages maybe at home, you’re still able to get along.

00:06:46 Sowjan

So you’d say that you interact with most of the people, well not most of the people but like people of different races in the neighborhood, rather than just people of your own ethnicity? Even though there are more East Asians coming into your neighborhood, would you say that you still interact with other people of other ethnicities as well in the neighborhood? 

00:07:20 Shi Ting

I do interact with them but I think, at least my family interacts with East Asians a bit more because we just feel like we’re able to talk more deeply with them because we speak the same language. 

00:07:42 Sowjan

When you observe your neighborhood, who do you see the people in your neighborhood interacting with? Do you usually see them interacting with people of their own ethnicities or do you see some intermingling as well?

00:08:04 Shi Ting

Definitely, I think there are… because most people here are immigrants and they don’t know how to speak English, I think that creates some language barrier between some people. I know the people who live on my street, in my neighborhood, who are East Asians, don’t really speak English that well. They speak Chinese, they speak Mandarin, and the South Asians also, they don’t speak English as well, and obviously they don’t speak Mandarin, and so I think that just generally creates a language barrier that’s kind of hard to break. But I do see people of younger generations hanging out with each other. You know, they’re talking to each other regardless of where they come from. So I think that’s just the generation and language problem. I don’t think it’s because they have certain opinions of some other race.

00:09:05 Sowjan

Can you talk a little bit more about that because we also had another interviewee say something similar? In Jackson Heights, and I think a lot of neighborhoods in New York City, we have this sort of divide in a sense where people of the same race or the same language kind of cluster together, and there’s little intermingling at least in the older generation, but in the younger generation, people do talk to other kids who speak a different language at home or who practice a different religion or who are a different ethnicity, etc. So can you say something more about that?

00:10:02 Shi Ting

I think that partially comes from the fact that most of these people are immigrants. They’re coming to a new country where they have to start all over again, and I think that speaking their home language kind of makes them feel more at home, maybe, and also it’s kind of hard to adjust to speaking another language on top of adjusting to a new life. I think that it also comes from them just being at home—when they’re at their home country like the neighborhood is probably more homogeneous there—and being in a different place but in that same kind of environment probably makes them feel more at home, more relaxed. I think most immigrants probably feel the same way, because I know my parents sometimes feel the same way as well. I think the reason why in New York City there are so many places like Koreatown, Chinatown is that I think that’s just the clustering of people who just want to feel more at home. But I definitely do see that like times are changing. I think the reason why younger generations are able to interact more even though they speak different languages at home is because when they go to school, right, they don’t have the homogeneous population—like, when they go to school they see people of different races there. They interact with them at such a young age that I think they’re used to disregarding race sometimes—like race doesn’t really matter for who they become friends with. So I definitely do see that. Also, it’s just hard to speak with someone when you have two different languages because, I think when you can only exchange greetings and then it kind of just stops there, it’s really hard to interact deeply with them, but if you speak the same language, you’re able to talk about almost everything. There’s definitely that, but  obviously the younger generation, they’re all learning English and so they are able to interact that way and they may share the same interest as well. I know there’s different cultures for different ethnicities and that might also play into it. 

00:12:33 Sowjan

You mentioned before that there is a large immigrant population in Jackson Heights and there still is and there’s probably going to be more and more immigrants coming in as the years go by. So… you’re not an immigrant right?

Shi Ting

No.

Sowjan

No.  Are your parents immigrants?

Shi Ting

Yep.

00:13:05 Sowjan

Yeah. Ok, so I guess taking that into account, how welcoming would you say that Jackson Heights is to new immigrants?

00:13:21 Shi Ting

I don’t think we received a greeting or anything from people of like… I think the only person we actually received a greeting from was someone of the same ethnicity as us but I don’t… 

00:13:45  Sowjan

Perhaps that was a little misleading. I meant to ask, do you think that your parents felt, I suppose safe, in a way as immigrants in Jackson Heights? Do you think that—you know, there may be some places where it’s easier for immigrants to integrate into the neighborhood and there are some places where it’s harder for them, so which one would you say Jackson Heights is for your family? 

00:14:30 Shi Ting

I think it was relatively easy. I don’t think…we didn’t receive any hate. I think in the beginning, it was kind of just like, we moved in and it was kind of like, our family is doing what we’re doing and then the neighborhood, everyone else is also doing what they’re doing. But as the years go by I think there’s a little bit more interaction, but I definitely don’t think we were receiving any kind of hate or anything. Generally the neighborhood was pretty welcoming…

Sowjan

Accepting?

Shi Ting

Yeah.

00:15:18 Sowjan

Do you think the fact that Jackson Heights is ethnically diverse or has a large immigrant population has anything to do with that? Do you think that’s part of the reason why it felt more comfortable? 

00:15:46 Shi Ting

I don’t think it was necessarily because there are a lot of immigrant families. But I think it’s because… I don’t know, I can’t exactly pinpoint it either, but I think people here kind of just…there’s not a lot of hate going on. I don’t see any hate going on here in this neighborhood at all. I think it’s just the neighborhood, the people in general are just really nice. They don’t have a misconception of some other people. I think they kind of just let people—like, if they don’t interact with you they kind of just let you do your thing.

00:16:40 Sowjan

Ok, I’ll just finish off with one or two last questions. If you have any, what would you say is your biggest concern about the neighborhood? 

00:17:01 Shi Ting

My biggest concern… II don’t think anything is bad but, I mean, I would like to see more restaurants… I think—OK, because of the homogenous neighborhood there are a lot of restaurants that cater to that one ethnicity, and so I personally would like to see more restaurants adhere to more ethnicities, but that would be if there are more races coming in, which I definitely do think there are but I think it’s coming in like a trickle like it’s not like very fast. I think other issues like this neighborhood talking more between races—I think that’ll be okay as time goes by, because I think the main reason why people aren’t intermingling is because they don’t speak the same languages.It’s because people don’t speak the same language, but you can’ tell—like I can’t tell people you have to learn English to be in this neighborhood, that’s not a thing, but I think as the younger generation grows up, they will start interacting with each other. So, I think that’ll be solved by time. Other than that… yeah I really like this neighborhood. 

00:18:48 Sowjan

Do you think the younger generation will stay in the neighborhood once they grow older?

00:18:55 Shi Ting

I think so because I think most people who live here, they may stay here for a long time because they have already developed a community in this area,  or at least their parents have. There’s just a really strong community here, because I think most people have the same beliefs and most people here also have, you know, same customs and, maybe they’re already used to this routine of where they’re going to buy groceries, where they’re going to do this, and where they’re going to do that. They kind of just know this neighborhood very well, but I do see some people moving out. I haven’t interacted with them so I can’t pinpoint why that is that they’re moving out, but I definitely do think that a majority of these younger generations growing up might stay in this neighborhood, or at least their parents will.

00:20:01 Sowjan

I’m not going to hold you to this, but would you want to stay in the neighborhood when you grow older too, or do you think your parents will?

00:20:10 Shi Ting

I think my parents will. I mean I think that generally, they feel pretty welcomed here. They have made a couple friends. But yeah, I think for me…I might. But…

00:20:35 Sowjan

You don’t know for sure. You don’t know what the future’s gonna be like.

00:20:45 Shi Ting

Yeah, so I don’t know, but if I move out, that definitely won’t be because I don’t feel welcomed here or anything like that. I think it might be because of other things like jobs or something. It won’t be because I don’t feel welcomed here or I don’t feel part of the community.

00:21:09 Sowjan

Yeah, I get that. Most people in New York kind of have to move around a lot because of careers or other dreams. So, it’s all good. 

Thank you so much for giving me the opportunity to interview you. It was a very enlightening conversation. Thank you so much.

 

00:00:02 Sowjan

Hello.

00:00:03 Noshin

Hi.

00:00:04 Sowjan

So, you’re Noshin. Do you want to introduce yourself and say a little bit about yourself and talk about your relationship to Jackson Heights?

00:00:16 Noshin

Yeah, sure. So, I’m Noshin as you’ve mentioned. I’m 18 years old, a first year at NYU. My ethnicity is… I’m South Asian, I’m from Bangladesh. I was actually born in Bangladesh. I came here when I was three years old—around three years old—and so since then, when I came to New York City, I started living in Woodside, and then I moved, but I still lived in Woodside. I just moved to another part in Woodside. But it’s, like, right next to Jackson Heights, so I go to Jackson Heights like a lot, especially for, like, grocery shopping or to just, like, find other Brown people to hang out with to be honest.

Yeah, but I guess the Jackson Heights that I know is fairly limited compared to how big Jackson Heights is. I actually didn’t even know how big Jackson Heights is until I joined the Facebook group for Jackson Heights, actually. That’s when I realized that, you know, it’s much bigger than, you know, the Brown section of Jackson Heights, where it’s fairly limited to mostly Bangladeshi people.

Yeah, so it’s been, what, 15 years since I’ve lived right next to Jackson Heights?

00:01:39 Sowjan

Wow, that’s a long time.

00:01:42 Noshin

Oh yeah.

00:01:45 Sowjan

So you said you joined a Facebook group for Jackson Heights? What’s the name of the Facebook group?

00:01:52 Noshin

I’m pretty sure it’s just ‘Jackson Heights Facebook Group’.

00:01:54 Sowjan

Oh, ok.

00:01:57 Noshin

I think there might have been more to it. I’m not sure exactly, but Jackson Heights is definitely in the name.

00:02:02 Sowjan

What prompted you to join that Facebook group? Was it just like a random thing?

00:02:09 Noshin

One of the people I’m friends with on Facebook, she shared a post from Jackson Heights. It was just like a wholesome post about like… I don’t remember exactly, but someone was helping someone with something and he commented on the post that this is why I love the Jackson Heights Facebook Group and I was like, wait, there’s a Jackson Height’s Facebook Group? And I joined it because I was fully expecting—honestly speaking, I was fully expecting it to be full of, like, all Brown people talking about, you know, Apna Bazar, Patel Brothers, but it’s much, much bigger. Yeah, it’s a much bigger area than I thought it was. There’s a lot more people.

00:03:03 Sowjan

Right. How different would you say it was like from your perception? Because you said that you thought that Jackson Heights was mostly Brown people come, but what other groups of people have you realized are in Jackson Heights through this Facebook group?

00:03:23 Noshin

Yeah, the reason why I thought there was only like one…. Like I said, I feel like I’ve been limited to only those places. Jackson Heights is some, like, 20 to 30 streets long, but I’ve been limited to like maybe 10. So because of that, I think that’s why my perspective I’d say is pretty different from what I thought. Very different.

But there’s a lot of Hispanic groups, I would say, and also, like, a fair amount of white people too, which I guess shouldn’t be too surprising, because Woodside—where l live, right next to Jackson Heights—I wouldn’t be surprised ’cause for Woodside, a lot of my neighbors are Hispanic and yeah…. So I guess it makes sense.

00:04:32 Sowjan

OK, that’s cool. So veering off of that just a little bit, you said that you’ve been living in Woodside for about 15 years now, right? And since you’ve been living there, you’ve frequently visited Jackson Heights, right? So you’re familiar with, I guess the Brown side of Jackson Heights.

00:04:56 Noshin

Oh yes.

00:05:01 Sowjan

Is there a difference between the Jackson Heights neighborhoods that you visited when you first arrived, maybe not when you were three years old—I don’t know if you remember how it was like when you were three—but in your earlier years. How has the neighborhood changed? How was it like before when you were younger and how is it like now? Is there a change that happened? Have you noticed anything?

00:05:33 Noshin

Yeah, I have to say that—I actually wrote about this in an essay before and I talked about how I feel like there’s been almost no change in the parts I’ve visited, at least, in Jackson Heights.

You see, maybe the stores, like the name might change but what they sell, I guess, is still the same and everything else about them is still the same. I personally haven’t seen any major changes. There’s the same amount of people. I feel like it’s very crowded all the time, it’s very predictable too. Like, if you want to get good parking, don’t go on Sunday, otherwise you’re going to have a hard time finding parking. That’s been the same throughout the 15 years. Yeah, I feel like, I don’t know. I’ve barely seen any changes in Jackson Heights.

00:06:36 Sowjan

So you’ve never even seen like… At least the couple times that I’ve been to Jackson Heights at the train station, you know the F and E train station. Sometimes I see certain streets or like the sidewalks have been… what do you call it? They’ve been, I guess renovated? I don’t know if that’s the right word but yeah. You’ve never seen… construction to make it, like, “prettier.”

00:07:23 Noshin

I think this goes back to how I feel like my perspective is very limited. In Woodside, there’s definitely a lot of construction. It’s probably in Jackson Heights, but I probably don’t know about it that well. There are some places where you’d see a lot of construction, but I do feel like the constructions have been going on for so long, that’s all I’ve seen. The construction is kind of just like a long board or whatever that just tells you construction is happening and not to enter. It’s been going on for very long. To this day I haven’t seen what exactly is behind it.

00:08:13 Sowjan

By a long time do you mean years or…?

00:08:17 Noshin

Yeah, by a couple of years.

00:08:29 Sowjan

Ok, you mentioned that you mostly saw the South Asian community of Jackson Heights, right? This kind of relates to that, but what is the sense of community like in Jackson Heights for you based on the parts that you’ve interacted with?

00:08:52 Noshin

Yeah, there’s a very strong sense of community. I mean, we always joke about how you never know who you’re gonna meet. The other day, I actually met—I had a friend from third grade and she moved to Bangladesh after third grade. And I met her dad last week at Patel Brothers. So yeah, this stuff happens all the time. You never know. I think every single time you go there, you’ll see someone you’ve met before or someone you’ve met at Jackson Heights before and you just became friends with just because… I don’t know, maybe we were just standing in front of the—I don’t know if you do this a lot but when my mom goes shopping and I have to guard the stuff—guard whatever she’s got so far, like being a security guard—and then I’m just standing there and there will be someone who’s also just kind of standing there. We’ll just have a conversation, and then you might see that person again very soon. So yeah, there will be random people talking to each other all the time or, you see some people from your past all of a sudden, very unexpectedly.

00:10:18 Sowjan

And that’s within the South Asian community that you—

00:10:22 Noshin

Yeah, that I’m familiar with.

00:10:23 Sowjan

Do you ever see any intermingling of the different communities in Jackson Heights? I know that you said that you weren’t really aware of the different groups of people in Jackson Heights before you were in the Facebook group, but at least after you joined the Facebook group, are you more aware of the different types of communities when you physically interact with Jackson Heights?

00:11:02 Noshin

The thing is like I feel like when I go to Jackson Heights it’s almost exclusively the South Asian part mostly for, like, grocery shopping. Or you know, shopping for clothes or something. In the Facebook group when they post and they have like… and the thing is, another reason I feel like that happens is ‘cause when we go there, my parents—we all refer to it as just Jackson Heights. When we say Jackson Heights, we mean exclusively just that part. We’re not even aware of all the other parts of it. But in the Facebook group, sometimes they post pictures of places that they’re near, and I’m like wow, that’s in Jackson Heights? ‘Cause it just looks so different and I’ve never seen that place. So….sorry what was the question? I feel like I trailed off.

00:12:01 Sowjan

It’s okay. After you joined the Facebook group, do you see any hints of the other community groups within the parts that you visit? Or do you think that it’s just still just exclusively South Asian?

00:12:19 Noshin

Yeah, it’s pretty much exclusively South Asian. I mean from time to time you’ll see, like, non-South Asians hanging out, but it’s very rare in my opinion. But then again, like I said, the part that I know of, the part that I frequent, at least, it’s fairly small. If you consider Jackson Heights as a whole, I’m sure there’s a lot more.

00:12:53 Sowjan

Do you have any opinions about the fact that certain parts of Jackson Heights are very exclusive in terms of the community that lives there?

00:13:06 Noshin

You mentioned this before, how New York City is fairly segregated. I personally haven’t seen like a ton of intermingling from there between ethnicities, between groups from where I live. In Woodside there’s a little bit, but still not too much. It’s primarily like I feel brown South Asian groups and Hispanic groups. And then Jackson Heights from the part that I know of, like Jackson Heights itself is fairly segregated, so the part that I know of is fairly Brown. And then even in the Facebook group, if a Hispanic person posts, then it’s fairly Hispanic people like commenting, ’cause even that group part is, I think from the posts that I’ve seen, is mostly Hispanic concentrated. Mostly Hispanic people live there. 

My opinion on that…I understand why it happens. It’s because you can relate more closely to the culture. The reason why I feel like it looks very different, from my point of view, is ’cause the cultures are so different. I think people just have a natural affinity to mingle with their own ethnic group.

I think, yeah, it would be nice if there was more intermingling and sharing, but I feel like it might be happening with the younger generations. When I’m out with my friends, not just my parents or family, we don’t go to just the Brown parts of Jackson Heights. We go almost everywhere. We’ll go to like…the other day, we were talking about going to this food truck that’s had a reputation of being really, really good. It’s called Birria Landia. That’s also near Jackson Heights. It’s part of the more Hispanic portion of Jackson Heights that I personally, when I was younger, had never really gone to. So it might be happening, I guess, in a way, but like I said, I can understand why it happens, the segregation part.

00:15:57 Sowjan

But that’s a really cool point that you brought up about the younger generation interacting with the community in a different way from the parents, especially since I guess most of the younger generation are kids who were either born here or they probably came here at a very young age like you did, right? So I guess the parents and the children have a different perspective on the Jackson Heights community and the neighborhoods. Do you want to talk more about that? I think that’s an interesting point that you brought up.

00:16:46 Noshin

When my parents came—well, my dad came first to New York from Bangladesh and… this is probably true for all immigrants, unless you came at an early age, but at around his age, what you’re mostly thinking about is making money, making a living, finding a job.

00:17:17 Sowjan

Surviving.

00:17:19 Noshin

Yerah, surviving. And to do that, like I said, you have a natural affinity to go to places where you’re more comfortable. That’s why he was more attracted to the South Asian groups because it’ll be easier for him to communicate with people. He doesn’t know English that well, when he came here first, so you can talk in Bangla and people are going to understand. And he started off selling fruits, he had a stand, a fruit stand. So, you know, if you can’t speak English that well, and you have to communicate with your customers, it’s not gonna be that easy. So, I feel like that’s probably true for most people. Most older generations, like our parents.

New York City in general was like a haven, almost, for immigrants to come through and find jobs and make enough money to at least survive. And because of that, I feel like that’s why you see more of this segregation. Our parents are coming here and they just want to survive. They don’t have the luxury to think of anything else, and in order to do that, they create their own communities that they’re more comfortable with. 

And for us, for the younger generations, for me and my friends, it’s not the same ’cause we don’t have to worry about that stuff as much since our parents took care of it. So we do have the luxury to think of all this stuff, to have fun with school, and all that kind of stuff.

And, since we grew up here, and Queens especially I think I’ve heard somewhere that it’s the most diverse place in the world. So when you go to school it’s not like you only see Brown people, or at least in my case that’s not what I see. We’re more comfortable with diverse places as well, more comfortable than our parents. It doesn’t seem as different or odd to us to venture out of the Brown sphere, out of the sphere we’re comfortable with. That’s why we’re more naturally inclined to you know, go other places, hang out there, and just… you know, it’s normal to us, right?

I think it’s a situational kind of thing. Our experiences are vastly different from, like, my parents—the stuff we had to worry about, the stuff we had the luxury to think about.

00:20:20 Sowjan

That’s a really good point, and exploration of that point as well. I guess I’ll just ask one more question and then we can wrap this meeting up. I wanted to ask, what is the biggest concern you have about the neighborhood? If you have any at all.

00:20:50 Noshin

The biggest concern… Ah, let me see.  This is kind of hard because I feel like I’ve been in a bubble right? Especially during the pandemic, I’ve been staying home. I’ve been lucky enough to not think about too many things because almost everything’s been taken care of for me. So I almost forgot about the outside world if I’m being honest. But yeah, I think throughout this interview, I’ve realized that….I mean, it’s not like the biggest concern…OK, I realize that in numbers, Queens might be the most diverse, but because everything is so segregated, it’s almost not. I guess that is a concern-ish, but like I said, I feel like it’s kind of solving itself. We have all these different cultures, right, under our noses, but not everyone gets to experience them because we simply don’t know about it.

And another reason why that’s a concern is because we also don’t know of the problems outside of our own comfort zone. Through the Facebook groups I’ve been more aware of the parts of Queens and Jackson Heights where it’s not as safe, there’s more crime activity. And since we’re more aware of just our comfort zone, where over here it’s not—like, I personally haven’t seen much, it’s not as worrisome, safety wise. I didn’t know about that. If you were to ask me before I joined the group then I would say yeah, it’s pretty safe. 

But there’s only a certain group of people who are having to deal with these problems without almost anyone else knowing. It’s hard for them to deal with these kinds of problems cuz there’s only so many people.

Which is why diversity and intermingling or just hanging out and going out of your comfort zone is an important tool on a larger scale.

I think that if that wasn’t a thing, you know just staying in our comfort zones, then everybody would know each other’s problems and issues and it would be easier to solve and deal with.

That was a really long response.

00:24:00 Sowjan

No, it’s OK. It’s OK, thank you so much for giving your time for this interview.

00:24:09 Noshin

Well, this was very enlightening for me, too. I didn’t realize a lot of things until you asked these questions. Thank you.

00:24:17 Sowjan

No, no problem. OK, I guess we will end it here. Thanks again, Noshin.

00:24:27 Noshin

Sure, no problem.