Sources

THE DISPARITY IN EDUCATION: THE ACHIEVEMENT GAP

  1. Ansell, Susan. “Achievement Gap.” Education Week. Education Week, 06 Apr. 2017. ([1])
  2. “Desegregating U.S. schools.” CNN. Cable News Network, 16 May 2014. ([2])
  3. Abraham , Mark. “New Reports Highlight Potential Policy Solutions to Connecticut Achievement Gap.” DataHaven, 23 Jan. 2011, www.ctdatahaven.org/blog/new-reports-highlight-potential-policy-solutions-connecticut-achievement-gap. ([3])
  4. Motoko Rich, Amanda Cox and Matthew Bloch. “Money, Race and Success: How Your School District Compares.” The New York Times. The New York Times, 29 Apr. 2016. Web. 16 May 2017. ([4])
  5. “Mapping Segregation.” The New York Times. The New York Times, 08 July 2015. Web. 16 May 2017. ([5])

IMMIGRATING INTO THE AMERICAN SCHOOL SYSTEM 

  1. “History of Bilingual Education.” Rethinking Schools Online, www.rethinkingschools.org/special_reports/bilingual/langhst.shtml. ([1])
  2. Rodríguez, Rudy. “Bilingual Education.” Immigration to the United States, immigrationtounitedstates.org/378-bilingual-education.html. ([2])
  3. Zong, Jie, and Jeanne Batalova. “Frequently Requested Statistics on Immigrants and Immigration in the United States.” Migrationpolicy.org, 26 Feb. 2015, www.migrationpolicy.org/article/frequently-requested-statistics-immigrants-and-immigration-united-states-0. ([3])
  4. Frieden, Thomas R. The Health of Immigrants in New York City. New York, NY, New York City Dept. of Health and Mental Hygiene, 2006, www1.nyc.gov/assets/doh/downloads/pdf/episrv/episrv-immigrant-report.pdf. ([4])
  5. “New Immigrants Share Their Stories: The Students of Newcomers High School.” Not in Our Town, www.niot.org/nios/Newcomers. ([5]) 
  6. “Liberty High School Academy for Newcomers.” Liberty High School Academy for Newcomers, libertyhsnyc.com/. ([6])

RESIDENTIAL SEGREGATION 

  1. “What It’s Like to Live in Segregated New York.” The New York Times, The New York Times, 14 Apr. 2016, www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/04/13/nyregion/segregation-and-new-york-city.html. ([1[)
  2.  Navarro, Mireya. “Segregation Issue Complicates De Blasio’s Housing Push.” The New York Times, The New York Times, 14 Apr. 2016, www.nytimes.com/2016/04/15/nyregion/segregation-new-york-city-and-de-blasio-affordable-housing.html. ([2])
  3.  VanHemert, Kyle. “The Best Map Ever Made of America’s Racial Segregation.” Wired, Conde Nast, 26 Aug. 2013, www.wired.com/2013/08/how-segregated-is-your-city-this-eye-opening-map-shows-you/. ([3])
  4. Johnston, Ronald J. Residential Segregation, the State and Constitutional Conflict in American Urban Areas. London U.a.: Acad. Pr., 1984. Print. ([4]) 

THE BRONX: EDUCATIONAL INEQUALITY

  1. “DeWitt Clinton High School.” District 10 – InsideSchools, insideschools.org/school/10X440. ([1])
  2. “Bronx High School of Science.” District 10 – InsideSchools, insideschools.org/school/10X445. ([2])
  3. “X445.” X445 – Bronx High School of Science – X445 – New York City Department of Education. Department of Education, 16 Mar. 2017. Web. ([3])
  4. “X440.” DeWitt Clinton High School – X440 – New York City Department of Education. Department of Education, 25 Apr. 2017. Web. ([4])

THE BRONX: RESIDENTIAL SEGREGATION 

  1.  Piccorossi, Michael. “New York City.” Pew Research Center’s Social & Demographic Trends Project, 1 Aug. 2012, www.pewsocialtrends.org/income-segregation/new-york-city/. ([1])
  2.  Data Access and Dissemination Systems. “Community Facts.” American Fact Finder, United States Census Bureau, 5 Oct. 2010, factfinder.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/community_facts.xhtml?src=bkmk. ([2])
  3. “New York (Zip 10468), New York Economy.” Sperling’s Bestplaces, www.bestplaces.net/economy/zip-code/new_york/new_york/10468. ([3])

BROOKLYN: EDUCATIONAL INEQUALITY

  1. “Acorn Community High School .” 2015-16 School Quality Snapshot, schools.nyc.gov/OA/SchoolReports/2015-16/School_Quality_Snapshot_2016_HS_K499.pdf. ([1])
  2. “Brooklyn Technical High School.” 2015-16 School Quality Snapshot, schools.nyc.gov/OA/SchoolReports/2015-16/School_Quality_Snapshot_2016_HS_K430.pdf. ([2])
  3. “Brooklyn Technical High School.” Progress Report 2012-13, www.bths.edu/files/Progress_Report/PR_13.pdf. ([3])
  4. “Brooklyn Technical High School in Brooklyn, New York.” StartClass, GRAPHIQ , public-schools.startclass.com/l/61327/Brooklyn-Technical-High-School#Postsecondary%20Education&s=1YE5r1. ([4])
  5. “Acorn Community High School in Brooklyn, New York.” StartClass, GRAPHIQ, public-schools.startclass.com/l/61342/Acorn-Community-High-School#Testing%20Results&s=30eezt. ([5])

BROOKLYN: RESIDENTIAL SEGREGATION

  1.  Piccorossi, Michael. “New York City.” Pew Research Center’s Social & Demographic Trends Project, 1 Aug. 2012, www.pewsocialtrends.org/income-segregation/new-york-city/. ([1])
  2. “Population Growth and Race/Hispanic Comparison.” NYC2010: Results from the 2010 Census, www1.nyc.gov/assets/planning/download/pdf/data-maps/nyc-population/census2010/pgrhc.pdf. ([2])
  3. “Kings County (Brooklyn Borough) New York.” QuickFacts, United States Census Bureau , www.census.gov/quickfacts/table/PST045216/36047,00. ([3])
  4. “Census Profile: Kings County, NY.” Census Reporter, US Census Bureau, censusreporter.org/profiles/05000US36047-kings-county-ny/. ([4])
  5. “Fort Greene Demographics & Statistics – Employment, Education, Income Averages, Crime in Fort Greene .” Point2 Homes, www.point2homes.com/US/Neighborhood/NY/Brooklyn/Fort-Greene-Demographics.html. ([5])

MANHATTAN, THE UPPER WEST SIDE: EDUCATIONAL INEQUALITY

  1. “Statistics.” Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School of Music & Art and Performing Arts, NYC Department of Education, 9 Aug. 2007, schools.nyc.gov/SchoolPortals/03/M485/AboutUs/Statistics/default.htm. ([1])
  2. “Campus Data Packet.” SpringerReference, 30 July 2010, doi:10.1007/springerreference_11739. ([2])
  3. Harris, Elizabeth A. “Lack of Diversity Persists in Admissions to New York City’s Elite High Schools.” The New York Times, The New York Times, 5 Mar. 2015, www.nytimes.com/2015/03/06/nyregion/lack-of-diversity-persists-in-admissions-to-selective-new-york-city-high-schools.html. ([3])
  4. Rankings, National. “The Student Body at Fiorello H Laguardia High School in New York, NY.” U.S. News & World Report, U.S. News & World Report, www.usnews.com/education/best-high-schools/new-york/districts/new-york-city-public-schools/fiorello-h-laguardia-high-school-13124/student-body. ([4])
  5. Skerving , Latia. “The Back Door Approach.” NY Daily News, NY Daily News, 25 Oct. 2011, www.nydailynews.com/new-york/back-door-approach-scanning-process-sheds-light-inequalities-mlk-laguardia-article-1.967848. ([5])
  6. Goodnough, Abby, and Robert F. Worth. “Latest Shootings Add to King High School’s Reputation for Turbulence.” The New York Times, The New York Times, 16 Jan. 2002, www.nytimes.com/2002/01/17/nyregion/latest-shootings-add-to-king-high-school-s-reputation-for-turbulence.html. ([6])

MANHATTAN, THE UPPER WEST SIDE: RESIDENTIAL SEGREGATION

  1.  Piccorossi, Michael. “New York City.” Pew Research Center’s Social & Demographic Trends Project, 1 Aug. 2012, www.pewsocialtrends.org/income-segregation/new-york-city/. ([1])
  2. “Upper West Side Demographics & Statistics – Employment, Education, Income Averages, Crime in Upper West Side.” Point2 Homes, www.point2homes.com/US/Neighborhood/NY/Manhattan/Upper-West-Side-Demographics.html. ([2])
  3. “Manhattan Community District 7: Upper West Side.” COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILES 2015, www.nyc.gov/html/mancb7/downloads/pdf/dohma_2015chp-mn7.pdf. ([3])

QUEENS: EDUCATIONAL INEQUALITY

  1.  “Townsend Harris High School.” District 25 – InsideSchools, insideschools.org/school/25Q525. ([1])
  2. “Register.” Townsend Harris High School, NYC Department of Education, 9 Aug. 2007, schools.nyc.gov/SchoolPortals/25/Q525/AboutUs/Statistics/register.htm. ([2])
  3. “John Bowne High School.” District 25 – InsideSchools, insideschools.org/school/25Q425. ([3])
  4. “Register.” John Bowne High School, NYC Department of Education, 9 Aug. 2007, schools.nyc.gov/SchoolPortals/25/Q425/AboutUs/Statistics/register.htm. ([4])

QUEENS: RESIDENTIAL SEGREGATION

  1. Piccorossi, Michael. “New York City.” Pew Research Center’s Social & Demographic Trends Project, 1 Aug. 2012, www.pewsocialtrends.org/income-segregation/new-york-city/. ([1])
  2.  “Flushing Demographics & Statistics – Employment, Education, Income Averages, Crime in Flushing.” Point2 Homes, www.point2homes.com/US/Neighborhood/NY/Queens/Flushing-Demographics.html. ([2])
  3. “Race and Ethnicity in Flushing, New York, New York.” Statistical Atlas, statisticalatlas.com/neighborhood/New-York/New-York/Flushing/Race-and-Ethnicity. ([3])

STATEN ISLAND: EDUCATIONAL INEQUALITY

  1. “Staten Island Technical High School.” District 31 – InsideSchools, insideschools.org/school/31R605. ([1])
  2.  “Thread: Specialized High School SHSAT Cutoff Scores for 2016.” The School Boards, 25 Feb. 2016, www.theschoolboards.com/showthread.php/4125-Specialized-High-School-SHSAT-Cutoff-Scores-for-2016. ([2])
  3.  “Register.” Staten Island Technical High School, NYC Department of Education, 9 Aug. 2007, schools.nyc.gov/SchoolPortals/31/R605/AboutUs/Statistics/register.htm. ([3])
  4.  “Explore Staten Island Technical High School.” Niche, 12 Feb. 2017, www.niche.com/k12/staten-island-technical-high-school-staten-island-ny/. ([4])
  5.  “New Dorp High School.” District 31 – InsideSchools, insideschools.org/school/31R440. ([5])
  6.  “Register.” New Dorp High School, NYC Department of Education , 9 Aug. 2007, schools.nyc.gov/SchoolPortals/31/R440/AboutUs/Statistics/register.htm. ([6])
  7.  “2017 New Dorp High School Rankings.” Niche, www.niche.com/k12/new-dorp-high-school-staten-island-ny/rankings/. ([7])

STATEN ISLAND: RESIDENTIAL SEGREGATION

  1. Piccorossi, Michael. “New York City.” Pew Research Center’s Social & Demographic Trends Project, 1 Aug. 2012, www.pewsocialtrends.org/income-segregation/new-york-city/. ([1])
  2. “Population Growth and Race/Hispanic Comparison.” NYC2010: Results from the 2010 Census, www1.nyc.gov/assets/planning/download/pdf/data-maps/nyc-population/census2010/pgrhc.pdf. ([2])
  3. “New Dorp Demographics & Statistics – Employment, Education, Income Averages, Crime in New Dorp .” Point2 Homes, www.point2homes.com/US/Neighborhood/NY/Staten-Island/New-Dorp-Demographics.html. ([3])
  4. Kwate, Naa Oyo A., et al. “Spatial and Racial Patterning of Real Estate Broker Listings in New York City.” The Review of Black Political Economy, vol. 40, no. 4, Nov. 2012, pp. 401–424., doi:10.1007/s12114-012-9148-0. ([4])