Massey, Douglas S. 1999, “Why Does Immigration Occur? A Theoretical Synthesis.” Pp. 34-52 in The Handbook of International Migration, edited by Charles Hirschman et al. New York: Russell Sage Foundation Press.

Foner, Nancy. 2000. From Ellis Island to JFK: New York’s Two Great Waves of Immigration. New York: Russell Sage Foundation Press – Introduction and Chapters 1 “Who They Are and Why They Have Come.” Pp. 9-35