Author Archives: Ikram

Is it a Brain Drain?

We have seen this in earlier readings, how West Indians emphasize on their ethnicity and when they immigrate to U.S, they don’t only have to deal with hardships of being  immigrants, but also they have to face racism from the society for their skin color. I know that you can use data to your advantage but I couldn’t piece together some of it. For instance, the author mentions that Jamaicans believe in strict police actions and even the poor respect law and order, yet despite these beliefs they have a high crime rate. Why is that?

Furthermore the author mentions, how many well educated (college graduate) were able to come to New York because of job opportunities. And at the same time very few people who didn’t have much education were able to come to U.S. Can we call this brain drain? Over a long period of time, this will eventually lead to the decline of the Jamaican nation. What foreign policy should be implemented so as to not adversely affect Jamaica?

Review of Khana Peena

Sandwiched between a barber shop and a residential building is a newly opened small Indian restaurant (also caters Bangladeshi and Pakistani cuisines) “Khana Peena” which literally translates to eating and drinking in English. Located on Broadway and 64th Street, Woodside, this restaurant is so small that if it didn’t have a couple of poster of chicken biryani and kebab on the window, most people would just pass by it considering it an extension of the barber shop. Restaurant businesses thrive near cosmopolitan area, where there is a constant flow of people and in that sense Khana Peena is an anomaly- for it functions much like the grocery store on the corner of streets, relying more on dwellers of the neighborhood than on outsiders.

From the inside, the restaurant is not very flamboyantly festooned either. There are four tables, a refrigerator by the corner for cold beverages, and a counter upfront. There is a simple clock above it. No religious symbols decorate the wall to testify its halal status; no Islamic art or paintings hang on the wall. Apart from the front counter, the three walls are covered by mirrors. The wooden chairs and the interior are designed to provide food for people on the go or so I thought. Behind the counter there are trays of food, some common to all sub-continental cuisines like aloo gobi, beef karahi, chicken makni, but some of the dishes piqued my interest. For instance, bitter gourd with beef, okra with potato, and spinach with goat. They were tempting choices, but I ordered my regular, two kebab rolls to go.

I waited for over half an hour, for something that I was expecting to be served within minutes. The clock struck 1 PM, and there were no guests in the restaurant. Naturally, the owner observed my fidgeting, so he consoled me with this remark, “My food is different. It will take some time,” he said. After I got home, my morose mood still clinging on to me, I was delighted to see some coriander sprinkled on the kebab. On the side, he had given me chutney that was far too thick. Well versed with the tradition and custom of this food, I had a vague feeling that this was prepared by a feminine hand. It was presented more aesthetically. Imagine my shock; it was the first time that I had eaten an Indian dish made by a female cook. Here was a restaurant that steadfastly replicated the very miniscule detail of the recipe and preserved it from any adaptation. It truly symbolized authenticity.

Curious as to my claim, I went back and asked the owner if a female cook had prepared the food. And it was no surprise to me when he said yes. What was even more intriguing to me was that he didn’t have any official menu. Apart from some common Indian dishes like pillow, haleem and other such dishes, he said they prepared dishes that are not on the menu everyday. Because the owner, Mr. Sohail, relies solely on the tenants of the neighborhood, his enterprise is geared towards satisfying them. If they demand a native dish that’s not on the menu, he cooks it for them. There seemed a contradiction to me and I just couldn’t wrap my head around it. I was deceived by the appearance of the restaurant. There was nothing in it that would let one to extrapolate its cultural background; no incense, no tapestries on the wall, no elaborate lightning; nothing inside the restaurant gave it its unique identity. Yet here it was catering food that had its unique taste.

More than just a way to assimilate to the new environment, restaurants are the backbone economy of most of the immigrant population. This statement was reflected in his answer when I asked Mr. Sohail why did he take so much pain to cook food in a traditional manner? He told me he couldn’t afford to hire people, so his wife managed most of the cooking. Saddened, but also delighted by his comment for if it hadn’t been for his wife’s cooking, it would have been just another restaurant to me.

Many people have their own version of authenticity. Some believe exotic food to be most authentic, while others would argue against it. When cuisines from one foreign culture crosses over to another culture, they often go through some change. One can claim that that adaptation gives rise to another dish, which has every right to be termed authentic. But for some odd reason, I can’t fully accept this definition, even though I have arguments supporting it.

Although I had to wait to get my food, in the end, I was very satisfied. I would have liked to see some Indian paintings. Maybe even some music so as to have a clear distinction of its identity. But the food was pleasant change and for that, I award it 4 out of 5 stars.

Question on readings.

The readings raised serious concern on the effect of policy making. Dissatisfied with the peddlers for creating unsanitary conditions, and blocking space on the street, the merchants believed they would benefit if they could eradicate the pushcarts. With the help of the campaign by LaGuardia they were able to achieve their goal. However much to their discontent, they found that it didn’t reduce competition but only managed to shun away their customers. I wonder, (in this case, and in general) whether it could be better to follow a laissez faire market system? All these market regulation, end up benefitting the select few, and even reduce some to unemployment.
The idea of free market system comes under scrutiny when the war tempted the merchants to raise the prices, which eventually resulted in riots. To me, it seemed like there was a monopoly of the food, and the imbalance of exportation to importation. What can the government do to prevent monopolization of the market? And if there is no one group in complete control of the market, wouldn’t that force the marketer to consider the interest of the consumers since they would be competing with other sellers?

“But is it Authentic?”

Lisa Heldkes states that there is no cuisine that’s “untouched by ‘foreign influence,'”. Yet people seek food that’s “authentic.” Heldkes urges the reader to redefine “authenticity” as  a transaction between the dish and  the eater. How can we avoid this dogma of cross-cultural food as being unauthentic?

The Baldizzi family

Trying to preserve their defining feature of identity – food – Italians were the victims of myriad prejudices and ostracism. They were willing to compromise everything for food. Considering that they had such a zealous attachment to food, how do you think they felt when they saw their food become part of American cuisine? (Since the food wasn’t prepared from the desired ingredients, like the pizza and pastas). Is inclusion of other’s people food a gesture of acceptance? How do you thing we would treat a group today who have radically different food?

The Italians treated food with reverence. How much can we tell of the society’s values from their treatment of food? ( The amount of food that is wasted in New York can feed an entire community).

Question

I know we can’t tie heath of Lenapes solely to food, since  their are many other variables that determines the outcome, but how can a diet that consist mainly of meat and fat not be adverse to the body?