5/5 Reading Response

This article truly makes Los Angeles look like a horrible place, determined to protect their wealth and status at all costs, even if that means destroying the last truly public spaces in exchange for security-heavy destinations, banking on the draw of exclusivity. While I don’t doubt that LA (and probably other large American cities) are seeing a turn towards the polarization of any person or thing not deemed socially “elite” (I.e. minorities, the poor), I can’t help but question the extremity of the article, which depicts the city as a sort of militaristic city of a dystopian future. Regardless, the privatization of public space is a concerning issue, especially as income gaps continue to widen nationwide. This issue particularly effects the homeless, who are no longer allowed in more and more areas of the city. Rather than focusing on finding housing for the homeless of the city, they are focusing on ways to keep them out of “luxury” areas, only further deepening class divides.

Broken Window Policing

I have a fundamental problem with the concept of Broken Window Policing, the same issue that has plagued the stop-and-frisk policy since its conception. Namely, that all crimes are equally, and that all breaches of morality are equally devastating. The idea behind Broken Windows policing is that people who commit minor crimes are equally as likely to commit major crimes, and therefore putting them behind bars after a minor crime will prevent major crimes. I believe that this policy ignores the inherent complexity of people. I don’t believe it naive to claim that there is a very solid moral divide between say, jumping the turnstiles, and rape. The assumption that someone would commit a minor crime out of desperation or immediate need would just as likely say, kill, is casting a universal stereotype that condemns innocent people to a potentially very difficult life. How can we control crime without instilling a policing system based upon gross assumptions or racial stereotypes?

Income Inequality

Income inequality is a huge problem in America. Part of the reason why it has become such a huge problem is because money is power. Those few very wealthy, though a small percentage of Americans, are not willing to give up their money or their power for the sake of the common good. And paradoxically, they have the wealth and power to be able to not give up their wealth power.

I approach this topic with a pessimistic view. Occupy Wall Street was a largely unsuccessful movement because it the root of the problem is our entire economic system, wherein the collection of wealth is the ultimate goal. Though admirable, social and political protests can do little to tackle this dilemma that we have created for ourselves.

What we need is political action, reverse Reganomics. Tax the wealthy and increase the middle, working, and lower classes. Rather than protests, our energy would be put to better use in campaigning and voting for those who could put real policy into action. I simply ask why so little has yet been done to address this current crisis.

Reading Response 7

Not to sound bitter or pessimistic or anything, but institutionalized racism has been a part of the American government since its founding. It’s terrible and inhumane, but it is no longer surprising. The egregious mistreatment of low income and black residents after Hurricane Katrina is therefore also not surprising, especially after watching Land of Opportunity, which touched upon the topic of public housing destruction justified by a natural disaster. Natural disasters are often thought of as levelers and unifiers. They do not discriminate what they destroy, and they bring communities together in the aftermath. Unfortunately, the wealth that is destroyed by a natural disaster can quickly be rebuilt,the housing and necessities of the poor cannot. Communities band together to rebuild those communities that are beloved, and low income housing is often not, save for those who live there.

Government always favors those who can pay. So given the chance to rebuild low-income, predominately black areas as middle-high income, whiter neighborhoods, they absolutely will.

I expect government to act in accordance to money, but I question why the public was never made away of these conditions in the post-Katrina headlines. Clearly people are upset by these actions, perhaps if more of these occurrences were widely known, racial and class discrimination would be less widely spread.

Reading Response 6

Climate change, and the natural disasters that are increasing in frequency and intensity due to it, are biggest and most frightening challenges facing our modern society. It is also undeniable that the government has taken very few steps in fighting climate change. The conservative Bush administration particularly saw policies that ignored Global Warming and it’s disastrous effects. Namely, Hurricane Katrina, which destroyed Louisiana, a state that is still in recovery. Certainly natural disasters cannot be blamed on the administration- they are called natural disasters for a reason- but the administration must be blamed for it’s failure to even acknowledge the climate crisis and it’s causes. Without this recognition, we cannot begin to take steps towards a solution.

And what solutions is that anyway? We don’t have one. The public is clear in it’s demand for government action on climate change, but the government has yet to set forth a viable and effective solution, and with our current congressional gridlock- it may still be a while.

East Harlem Housing meeting

I attended an East Harlem Community Board Meeting on Tuesday, March 3rd. The meeting was scheduled for 6pm, but was seriously delayed due to heavy snow. The meeting wasn’t actually called to order until roughly 6:45. The meeting was held at 7 East 116th street, at Bonifacio Senior Housing. This apartment complex operates with Federal housing funding, providing affordable living for low-income elderly.

The first topic of discussion was a new low-income apartment building proposition called the East 120th Street Housing Project. The proposed projectis an eleven story low-income apartment building with 179 apartments. The construction is sponsored by the NYC Department of Housing Preservation and Development, the agency responsible for carrying out de Blasio’s Five-Borough Ten-Year plan. Despite being proposed in 2013, the proposition has yet to receive the green-light for construction (due to ULURP). The meeting was concerned with the Community’s preference goals for the proposed housing project. This simply means that the future builders and overseer’s of the project stood before the community meeting to speak to concerned resident’s about the neighborhood’s concerns and goals in the construction of the new housing complex. Not surprisingly, those in attendance were heavily in favor of the new project, the main concern being that the apartments were truly affordable and that such a large housing project wouldn’t change the landscape of the neighborhood.

The second matter of discussion was the rehabilitation of East Harlem low income housing properties: Milbank-Frawley and 120th Street. These two properties have fallen into states of disrepair. To address this issue, the New York City Housing Authority, or NYCHA, sold many of their projects to private developers in exchange for a great deal of money that would allow them to repair damaged properties. A representative for NYCHA at the meeting addressed this issue bluntly, admitting that privatization is not an ideal solution, but the money was necessary to make living conditions in the properties bearable, a cited $113 million to be exact.

A representative of the private developer was there as well, and together with NYCHA presented the plan to renovate derelict properties. Primarily, apartment lobbies would be renovated, and all apartments in several buildings will each receive new kitchens and bathrooms. Roofs will also be repaired, as many residents have experienced leakage and flooding. These solutions seemed relatively harmless, and while I’m not entirely convinced privatization will be beneficial long-term, it is undeniable that the complexes needed immediate repairs, and therefore, immediate money.

The last topic was about illegal hotels. Illegal hotels are when an apartment landlord rents apartments as hotel rooms. Apparently, the Manhattan Borough Board wants to pass a resolution that will ban illegal hotels and wants to raise awareness across communities prior to the vote. Illegal Hotels take valuable and potentially affordable living space away from those in need of apartments- and the problem is bigger than many people realize.

Reading Response 4

Mapping the gentrification frontier was exceptionally eye-opening. When discussing gentrification, I had always assumed that wealthier buyers simply moved into a lower-rent area, thereby attracting more of their demographic and the services that often cater to their income bracket. I feel stupid now for not having thought that gentrification was an intentional and long-term process initiated by developers and landlords. The multi-step process of disinvestment and reinvestment based on carefully researched demographic statistics is certainly no accident or luck-of-the-draw situation. It is a natural side effect of a capitalist economy that profitable investors will leave before income dips, and seek to find a new area with a large payoff.

These stages of gentrification are seen throughout New York City, in every borough. We focus on areas such as Park Slope as prime examples, but the fact is that gentrification is a cycle- real estate values appreciate and depreciate, the hip areas constantly shift. Of course gentrification has horrible consequences, but the cycle of appreciation and depreciation keeps the city in a balance. It’s also a much ignored fact that gentrification yields positive effects as well. How could we reap the benefits of gentrification without displacing residents?

Exploring East Harlem

I began my tour of East Harlem by taking the D train to Morningside Park, getting off at 125th street. I had previously decided as Morningside Park as my first destination because it is East Harlem’s largest park and a historical landmark, having been designed by the same designers as Central Park. The park itself resembled Central Park, but with more open spaces and fewer trees and hills. The weather was bitterly cold, but quite sunny. I was surprised by the number of people who had braved the cold to spend time outdoors. Particularly lots of families with children, particularly lots of single women with children. Whether these were mothers or nanny’s, it was hard to tell, but as it was noon on a Friday, it is likely many people were at work. The park-goers were fairly diverse, along with women and children, many of whom were black or Latino, there were several groups of students (Columbia presumably) taking a stroll or chatting on the grass. Again, why they would do this is 15 degree weather is unfathomable to me.

After a while outside, I decided to leave the park and grab food. I exited the park and walked around, simultaneously trying to take in my surroundings and find an appetizing place to eat. Just outside of the park, I ran into a very large, gothic style church. I couldn’t find signage to indicate the denomination (I looked it up when I got home, the Holy Rosary Church, Catholic.) As for the food, the area was overwhelmingly Latin American and Mexican, though with a few other cuisines (primarily Asian) mixed in. Not only were the cuisines a strange mix, but the restaurants themselves were also an odd mix of upscale/hip and more rundown bodega style. The gentrification occurring in the area is impossible to miss. I also took note that while the park was busy on the Friday afternoon, the streets were considerably more empty. Those who were on the street were older black women, Latino men and women, often young. The Columbia students did not wander from the park apparently. I passed many corner stores and barber shops. Based on the culinary choices and the signage of the buildings, the area appeared to be overwhelmingly Hispanic, although the area was clearly diversifying.

I passed a restaurant called East Harlem Café and decided to duck in. The café was clearly a newer business, catering to a hip, young crowd with overpriced coffees and kale things. Perhaps a poor illustration of the neighborhood’s historical flavor, it is a harbinger of the gentrification already in process. The fact that the owners were so bold as to name it East Harlem Café demonstrates how these new residents and establishments have begun to make the neighborhood their own, bit by bit. It was very strange to sit in a trendy café, surrounded by rather affluent hipsters and the latest in indie music, watching generally poorer residents pass by, with Latin music blasting from many passing cars.

Reading Response 3

New York City is dominated by a capitalistic economic system. It is the motivating factor of most, if not all, of the building developments. It only follows then that low-income housing will not be built in the numbers that they should be. Rather, companies will build housing for middle to high income residents- regardless of the low income families then displaced from their homes. Neo-liberalist subsidizing of housing would certainly ease the housing crisis, but it is simply not a viable action in a city so dominated by capitalistic landlords and housing developers. As we’ve already seen, homeless shelters, which are common throughout the city and which do offer living situations to the poor, are not a particularly helpful solution. Ideally, more housing would increase supply, thereby driving prices downward, but it has become clear that simply building new housing is not an effective plan to combat the housing crisis as long as a capitalistic market continues to cater to the wealthy. Can simply putting pressure on building developers to build low-income living really ease the housing problem?

Reading Response 2

All three of this week’s readings deal with the homelessness problem facing New York City. I was surprised to find that homelessness in the city has reached startlingly high numbers, primarily because it is simply not a topic currently in public discussion. Of course, the astronomical costs of NYC rent is astonishing, and there is even talk of gentrification and its myriad destructive effects (i.e. homelessness), but the numbers and conditions of the New York City homeless is not being properly addressed.

As always, this issue is not being solved or approached effectively due to the misuse of government funds. The fact is that we live in a capitalist society, wherein the livelihood of many is often sacrificed for the profits of a few. This is where many admirable efforts often fail- force of will and moral righteousness can seldom withstand political machines that stand to gain money or support. What are some previous examples of grassroots movements that have overcome political corruption? What incentives can be offered to landlords to make opening vacant properties worthwhile?