A Look at Patchin Place from the 1920-1940 Federal Censuses

The 1920s Federal Census gives a very good overview of life at Patchin Place. First and most obvious, there were absolutely no people of color living at Patchin Place in the 1920s. The Male Female Ratio seemed to be an exact 50:50. There was a generally varied age range, from a fourteen-month-old baby boy to a ninety-year-old widow, with the biggest concentration of ages being above 55, followed by below 30. [1] This age gap seems to show a change in Patchin Place, namely an influx of thirty or younger single people. Because this change coincides with the change in ownership and implementation of modern amenities, part of this change seems due to that as well as the relatively cheap rent (sixteen dollars by 1927, or approximately 200 dollars today) [2] [3]  and the soon-to-be blossoming Bohemian atmosphere.
Most of the residents seemed to have some form of education, as all the residents over the age of five could read and write in English, though only eight of the under twenty group indicated they attended school. [4]  This could be in part due to the large immigrant population of the 1920s. Seventeen people who lived in Patchin Place were immigrants, or 44% of the population. Of these immigrants, 88% came from Eastern Europe, with only three of the immigrants coming from Greece. The rest hailed from France, Germany, England, and Ireland and primarily held menial jobs, if they held a job at all.
The most common job for residents, whether immigrant or natural born, in the 1920s was a Nurse or a Clerk, with six of each living at Patchin Place. Most of the other denizens held an industrial or factory job, with a few Artists and Actors sprinkled in. [5]   Notably, a Mr. John C. Clarke was a bartender at the time, despite it being the start of Prohibition.[6] Mr. Clark claims to have been employed recently on the census, but whether he is currently or was put out of work by Prohibition, the Census doesn’t say.
The 1930 Federal Census records were smudged and water damaged, with the corners ripped off of one section, yet they still paint a relatively clear picture of Patchin Place at the beginning of the Depression.
The majority of the demographic information columns were smudged, however, so the data may be slightly off, but from what was legible, a few intriguing details stood out. Once again, there were no people of color living in Patchin Place, at least from what was legible. The male to female ratio had changed slightly from the 1920, from an even 1:1 to a slightly off 1:1.43 ratio. [7] The age range also varied widely, from a month old baby to a seventy-four year old widower. The biggest grouping of ages seemed to be under 30 and above 60, which is continuing the trend from the previous Census of a younger crowd moving in and displacing the older crowd. [8]
Despite the Great Depression, only 17% of residents were unemployed meaning the the vast majority of Patchin Place was employed at the turn of the 30s. The nearby neighborhood all had much higher rates, with a nearby section of West Tenth Street having a 45% rate of Unemployment. [9]  It seems that Patchin Place seemed to dodge the greater brunt of the depression, which is an impressive feat in and of itself. Patchin Place thus seems to be a relatively more “wealthy” or at least “better-off” than it’s surrounding areas. Surprisingly however, rent at Patchin Place in the 1930 Census was about $25-70 dollars whereas rent on nearby west tenth street reached upwards of $150-200 dollars. Residents at Patchin Place paid from about ½ to 1/8 as much for rent as their neighbors, despite having markedly higher rates of employment. [10]
For those who did hold a job, the most common job seemed to be in sales, with six sales men and women living on Patchin Place. A lot of creative type workers also lived in Patchin Place, with one in five resident being a writer, artist, actor, or reporter.  This seems to indicate the continuing bohemian presence on Patchin Place that Ms. McCoy emphasized in her memoir, set a few years earlier. However, it is a marked shift from the 1920 Census, where only one in ten held a creative oriented job. [11]
By the 1940 Federal Census, Patchin Place has changed dramatically from it’s pre-Bohemian days. One of the biggest changes comes in the form of the Male to Female ratio, which changed from an even 1:1 split in 1920 to an overwhelming Female presence with a 1:3 Male-Female ratio. Not only that, but the age range has changed dramatically as well, with most residents of Patchin Place being in their late 20s to 40s. [12]  This is a marked shift as it lacks the dichotomous generational gaps from the previous Census results. Patchin Place seems to be almost completely one generation, The Greatest Generation, as opposed to having two different generations living in the same place, like in the previous Census record. Patchin Place also gained its first at least according to the census data, colored resident, a Mr. Thomas Dennis. This is a significant event when compared to the previously all white residents through out Patchin Place’s history.
This changed Patchin Place was also thriving economically. The median salary of residents in the 1940s was $1,300.[13] Half of residents at Patchin Place were above the median salary, with the percent rising to 65% when you include family members of those with greater than average salaries. Perhaps more surprisingly, only 62% of Patchin Place worked. While this high unemployment seems rooted in the Great Depression, it’s very interesting to note that only women were unemployed. There may be some element of gender bias to this, with the Cult of Domesticity being a very common ideology, however it is not entirely clear.
Patchin Place had also become very New York. 85% of the residents had lived in New York or the surrounding boroughs previous to moving to Patchin Place, with only seven having lived somewhere other than New York City previous to 1930. [14]  Nine residents were born in New York, but whether it is the city or the state the Census is unclear. Patchin Place has clearly become very  popular within the city, as so many New Yorkers flocked to the quiet cul-de-sac.


[1] 1920s Federal Census

[2] “Patchin Place: A Memoir” Ester McCoy 86.

[3] Bureau of Labor Statistics CPI Inflation Calculator

[4] 1920s Federal Census

[5] 1920s Federal Census

[6] 1920s Federal Census, Maybe the 19th Amendment?

[7] “Patchin Place: A Memoir” Ester McCoy 86.

[8] “Patchin Place: A Memoir” Ester McCoy 86.

[9] 1930 Federal Census

[10] 1930 Federal Census

[11] 1920 Federal Census

[12] 1940 Federal Census

[13] 1930 Federal Census

[14] 1940 Federal Census

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