LECTURE AIDS—Lecture 2
1783 Treaty of Paris (France)
1803 Louisiana Purchase (France)
1819 Florida (Spain)
1842 top of Maine (Treaty, England)
1845 Texas annexed (Mexico)
1846 Oregon (Treaty England)
1848 Arizona California, New Mexico (Treaty Mexico)
1853 Gadsden Purchase
FORCED MIGRATION OF 6 MILLION AFRICANS BETWEEN 1700 AND 1810
5.8% to British North America
9.6% to Spanish America
23.2% to British Caribbean
22.3% to French Caribbean
7.6% to Dutch Caribbean
31.3% to Portuguese Brazil
0.4% to Danish Caribbean
OVER 60 MILLION IMMIGRANTS TO US BETWEEN 1880 AND 1924
9,000,000 NW Europeans
8,200,000 E Europeans (2.3 million Jews)
5,300,000 S Europeans (4 million Italians)
650,000 Asians (today ¼ of the immigrants in U.S. are Asian)
475,000 Mexicans
50,000 Australasians
20,000 Africans
IMMIGRATION RESTRICTIONS IN U.S
1875 – First law. It bars convicts, prostitutes and “coolies” (Chinese contract laborers.
1882 – Chinese immigration curtailed. Lunatics, idiots, and any person unable to take care of himself/herself without being a charge to the public.
1885 – All contract laborers
1891 – Paupers, polygamists, insane and persons with a loathsome or dangerous contagious disease.
1903–Epileptics, professional beggars, and anarchists.
1907—Imbeciles, feeble-minded, tuberculars, people with physical or mental defects that would affect the way they made a living. Children under 16 without parents. “Gentlemen’s agreement with Japan.”
1917—Literacy test. Virtually all immigrants from Asia.
1921—Temporary quotas: 3% of each nationality’s representation in 1910. Annual ceiling of 165,000.
1924 – 2% of the 1890 population – annual ceiling of 165,000.
1927 – Annual ceiling reduced to 150,000, a number that remained constant until 1965.
THE HISTORY OF THE JEWS UNTIL THE 18TH CENTURY
Torah (Five Books of Moses)
Old Testament
Exilic Commentaries (Talmud + others)
AD –Anno Domini
CE – Common Era
Ashkenazi and Sephardic communities
Roman Emperor Constantine — 4th century AD (306-336)
Expansion of Islam in the 7th and 8th centuries
Yiddish – Middle German + Hebrew + vocabulary from other languages
Prince Boleslaw the Pious of Poland
Statute of Kalisz (1264)
Podolia
Cossacks – peoples living in Ukraine, excellent horsemanship
Chmielnicki
Sabbatai Zevi – false messiah
Jacob Frank
The Baal Shem Tov – Master of the Good Name
Kabbalah/ Zohar
