Dr. Edyta Greer, Baruch College

Author: Yina Torres

Blog Post 3

          Walking into the course I was extremely scared for this class since prior to this class I have not had the best experiences in my science classes. However, I was pleasantly surprised because the course was not science intensive. Considering many of us are not in a science or science-related field this was extremely helpful. Learning the basics such as doing scientific research and the scientific process helped for the course but is also going to be something that I can carry on in my future endeavors. Research is imperative for numerous fields and so is understanding how to ask and what makes a good question.

          A minor issue I had with the class was during any of the classes that required laptop use. The class where we created atoms on our laptops was confusing and I did not learn much from it. Had there had been a class beforehand that explained what we were doing it would have been more useful. While there was an explanation during the class I was so confused trying to figure out how to use the application during the lesson I wasn’t paying much attention to what was being said. As for the excel chart making class, it made it so that only the person who had prior excel knowledge worked on it only. I do believe had this had been an individual it would have been more useful.

         I preferred having 2 less science intensive labs rather than having one more thorough science packed lab just because I do not have a science background and doing so would have made me extremely confused in class. Learning what would be considered to be more simple and less in depth was a good introduction to science. I enjoyed that the labs were related common things that are in our everyday lives because it made a connection which made the labs much more enjoyable. I also loved the quick class experiments such as the fire lighting of hands and the snowmaking because it was a quick and memorable way of learning about chemical reactions. 

This class helped me manage my time management skills when having numerous assignments all due within a short amount of time. This is something I have constantly struggled with so I appreciate this class helping me figure out how to prioritize. I had a great time in this class and will miss it for sure happy holidays to everyone!

Making Aspirin

The lesson that prepared us for the lab was extremely interesting because I knew many of the terms but never knew that they were related. An example being finding out that salicylic acid which is something I have found in numerous acne treatments is a component to making aspirin. We also learned that aspirin and heroin had a similar chemical composition which got me thinking about drug development which we had talked about in class. As well as scientific uncertainty because at the time nobody knew how dangerous heroin was since it was so similar to aspirin. Prior to going to the lab, I was excited to do a science experiment since it had been such a long time since I had done one and because we spent so much time discussing its origin I felt like I finally understood what was going on in a science class. While in the lab I worked alongside Mark and we set of goal of having the most orange results after testing which would mean that we had pure aspirin. Unfortunately, we had a tinge of purple in our test tube which meant that there was still some salicylic acid left but it was a great learning experience and taught me about the importance of perfection and trial and error when it comes to synthesizing drugs.

Project Proposal

          White blood cell count is a good indicator for determining when your body may be fighting an infection or can indicate when you are more susceptible to certain diseases. However, there isn’t an accurate at-home device that can tell you your specific white blood cell count. While there is a device that is soon to hit the market, it is only able to tell you if you have a low white blood cell count but the number of what is considered normal varies depending on the individual. The article “Evaluation of Patients with Leukocytosis” explains each type of white blood cell and what it means when it is too high or low as well as what the normal range is for a newborn, infant, child, pregnant woman, and adults.

        We would like to address this issue by creating an at-home device that can count white blood cells. This innovation would be helpful for the average person since people fight infections all the time as well as cancer patients who are at risk of having a low white blood cell count due to chemotherapy. An interesting find in the article “High White Blood Cell Count Is Associated With a Worsening of Insulin Sensitivity and Predicts the Development of Type 2 Diabetes” was that a high white blood cell count in people who have diabetes affects insulin sensitivity and is an indicator of the progression of type 2 diabetes.

        However, an issue is that current methods of counting white blood cells are costly which is something we must address since our target audience is the average person or person with diabetes or cancer which have expensive treatments and medication. We believe that taking into consideration the cost of the item and who our target audience is would increase the potential of our success. 

 

BioBlitz Research Question

group members: natalie, yina, gregory

  1. What is the final version of the question you are interested in asking? Our final question is: How do New York City fly larvae vary as borough location varies?
  2. List some keywords to use when searching for related scientific literature. Keywords: fly, larvae, manhattan, brooklyn, queens, bronx, staten island, indigenous, population/s, habitat, species
  3. Where will your data come from? Do you need to collect new data? The data we require for this study will be derived from previous BioBlitz events, since they took place in different boroughs.
  4. What will you be measuring or comparing? What are the dependent and independent variables? We will be collecting mostly qualitative data, and comparing the different species we observe from different boroughs. The fly species will depend on the borough we are studying, so the fly species is the dependent variable. The borough we are looking into will be the dependent variable.
  5. Please make a list of your methods. Our Methods: gather all BioBlitz data from previous years on fly populations, sort it by borough, then compare the populations / examine any overlaps, and to enrich the research we can look into habitat components that may explain the variations (such as availability of food)
  6. Why is this question interesting to you? Why should others care about this topic? This question is interesting because people don’t think of NYC as a home to diverse animal populations (other than rats, I suppose). Hopefully this research will sway opinions, and help others to appreciate the biodiversity that NYC has to offer. People should also care because small insects like flies are essential in food chains.

Healthcare Innovation Bibliography

Group members: Natalie & Gregory

Project: Portable device that can count and detect low and high white blood cell levels.  

 

Riley, Lyrad K., MD, and Jedda Rupert, MD. “Evaluation of Patients with Leukocytosis.” Am Fam Physician92, no. 11 (December 1, 2015). https://www.aafp.org/afp/2015/1201/p1004.html.

This article explains that a high white blood cell count can be attributed to an infection and explains what a normal blood count is for infants, children, adults, and pregnant women. It also goes into further detail by explaining each type of white blood cell and what it means if that specific blood cell count is too high. This article helps by giving a healthy range of white blood cell that an individual should have.

 

Vozarova, B., C. Weyer, R. S. Lindsay, R. E. Pratley, C. Bogardus, and P. A. Tataranni. “High White Blood Cell Count Is Associated With a Worsening of Insulin Sensitivity and Predicts the Development of Type 2 Diabetes.” Diabetes Journal51, no. 2 (2002): 455-61. doi:10.2337/diabetes.51.2.455.

Author Affiliations: From the Clinical Diabetes and Nutrition Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, Arizona

This article explains another result of high white blood count which is insulin sensitivity and being able to detect if somebody is about to develop type 2 diabetes. Because diabetes is such a common disease any innovation that can help with diabetes is useful and necessary. My innovation would help patients at home discover when something is wrong which would prompt earlier detection.

 

Trafton, Anne, and MIT News Office. “Monitor Detects Dangerously Low White Blood Cell Levels.” MIT News. April 02, 2018. Accessed October 09, 2018. http://news.mit.edu/2018/monitor-detects-dangerously-low-white-blood-cell-levels-0402.

MIT researchers have developed a portable device that can monitor a patient’s white blood cell levels. This innovation while similar to mine can only detect when white blood cells are too low. It also doesn’t give an exact count of how many white blood cells are present and the number of healthy white blood cell levels vary on the life stage of the individual.

A portable device that is able to detect when your white blood cell count is too low or too high.

My second semester at Baruch my appendix ruptured and I was in the hospital for over two weeks. The reason being that I had mistaken appendicitis pain for period cramps and never went to the hospital during the duration of the cramps. Besides the minor cramps, I had no other symptoms so I would have never thought that I had appendicitis. If I had a portable device at home which could count my white blood cells I would have known that a high count meant that my body was trying to fight appendicitis and would have gone to the hospital sooner. This is also a useful device for people who have chemotherapy and run the risk of a low white blood cell count. In addition, it is useful for the general public since white blood cells can determine if your body is fighting off an infection even if you may not have symptoms or if you don’t have enough and are at higher risk for an infection. This device would help people be more proactive regarding their health because they would be able to know when something is wrong.

Blog Post 1

      It is imperative that scientific articles in popular news media outlets thoroughly explain the research, it’s findings, and provide an explanation. I have an incredibly minimal knowledge of science, because of this an issue I encountered while reading my article and other ones was not understanding many terms of diseases or what they were. Because this was an assignment for a class I looked up numerous diseases, but I can see that this would potentially push readers away especially people who don’t have much time. Also, I would ensure that statistics and graphs are included in my articles. Not many presentations mentioned statistics, but for me, in particular and perhaps for others I am much more trustworthy if I can get statistics on a topic. Also including opinions from other experts was something that was found in a few presentations which provided a different perspective for the reader which is helpful in order to make a conclusion. These are all elements I would include if I were ever to write a scientific article for a popular news outlet as well as aspects that make for a good representation of scientific research for popular media outlets. The only piece of information that stuck out to me was when AJ mentioned that the author of his article had sexual harassment allegations towards him because it was shocking and upsetting to me.

School Nurses Administering Epinephrine

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, it is being reported that since 1997 there has been an increasing amount of children with food allergies. Consequently, this has led to a growing number of children having an allergic reaction in school.  School nurses are facing a dilemma of having to abide by the guidelines of their school district while some children are being given different instructions in case of an allergic reaction by their healthcare provider. Administering epinephrine is the standard protocol for school nurses however this may not be sufficient during severe allergic reactions which is worrisome (Boyce et al., 2010; Carlisle et a., 2010; Fleischer et al., 2012; Nowak-Wegrzyn, 2012b).

New Compound That Can Stop Cancerous Cells

Popular Article:

Cohut, Maria. “New Compounds ‘put Cancer Cells into a Permanent Sleep’.” Medical News Today, August 7, 2018. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/322695.php.

Primary Source:

Baell, Jonathan B., David J. Leaver, and Tim Thomas. “Inhibitors of Histone Acetyltransferases KAT6A/B Induce Senescence and Arrest Tumour Growth.” Nature 560 (August 1, 2018): 253-57. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0387-5.