Vaccine Development and Manufacture

PIONEERS OF VACCINES

Edward Jenner (1749-1823) pioneered the smallpox vaccine. He inculcated a young boy with matter from cowpox and tested that this cowpox infection could later protect him from smallpox infection.

Louis Pasteur  (1822-1895) determined the precise time and temperature that killed harmful microorganisms in wine. The process became known as pasteurization and is still used today. Pasteur created vaccines for rabies and anthrax, and is for revealing the process of fermentation and the germ theory of disease.

Robert Koch (1843-1910) and Friedrich Loeffler (1852-1915) looked at microbes of diseases and formed the basic method for identifying a disease-causing agent.

Maurice Hilleman (1919-2005) created more than 40 vaccines, including those for measles, mumps, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, meningitis, pneumonia, Haemophilus influenzae bacteria, and rubella. He used non-traditional research methods, many of which would not be possible with today’s strict regulation. He was known to have swabbed the back of his daughter’s throat which showed signs of mumps, bring it to the lab to culture, and relatively soon after, create a vaccine for mumps.

Maurice Hilleman (1919-2005) created more than 40 vaccines, including those for measles, mumps, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, meningitis, pneumonia, Haemophilus influenzae bacteria, and rubella. He used non-traditional research methods, many of which would not be possible with today’s strict regulation. He was known to have swabbed the back of his daughter’s throat which showed signs of mumps, bring it to the lab to culture, and relatively soon after, create a vaccine for mumps.

Jonas Salk (1914-1955) developed the vaccine for polio. This was the first vaccine administered to the masses and was tremendously successful in almost completely obliterating polio from society at large.

To view this information and more on a great timeline:

http://www.historyofvaccines.org/content/timelines/pioneers

Sources: 

http://www.historyofvaccines.org/content/timelines/pioneers

http://science.howstuffworks.com/life/cellular-microscopic/pasteurization1.htm

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC557162/

 

 

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